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docker 之獨孤九劍

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1. install Docker Desktop:

refer to: https://docs.docker.com/desktop/

$ docker info
$ docker run hello-world

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2. Docker Images to Containers

// List images

// Usage:  docker images [OPTIONS] [REPOSITORY[:TAG]]

$ docker images

// docker run: Run a command in a new container

// Usage:  docker run [OPTIONS] IMAGE [COMMAND] [ARG...]

// docker run -ti: terminal interactive (可互動模式)

$ docker run -ti ubuntu:latest bash

// List containers

// Usage:  docker ps [OPTIONS]

$ docker ps

// List containers -all

$ docker ps -a

// List containers -latest

// Show the latest created container (includes all states): 列出最後 created 的 container, 通常用於看不正常關閉的 container

$ docker ps -l

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3. Docker Containers to Images (docker commit)

$ docker run -ti ubuntu:latest bash

# touch AaA_IMAGE_V2

$ docker ps -l

$ docker images

// docker commit: Create a new image from a container's changes

// Usage:  docker commit [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [REPOSITORY[:TAG]]

$ docker commit  3597f6ac186f  ubuntu-test:2.0

等同於

// docker tag: Create a tag TARGET_IMAGE that refers to SOURCE_IMAGE

// Usage:  docker tag SOURCE_IMAGE[:TAG] TARGET_IMAGE[:TAG]

$ docker tag 0eb2c4ef97cd05e22d316195efdeb908289b0bf1aa8adf157da4955c00e8e505 ubuntu-test:2.0

// Verify

$ docker run -ti  ubuntu-test:2.0 bash

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4. Docker run

// docker run --rm : Automatically remove the container when it exits (若 exit; 自動移除 container)

$ docker run --rm -ti ubuntu-test:2.0  sleep 5

$ docker run -ti ubuntu bash -c "sleep 3; echo all done"

// docker run -d: --detach Run container in background and print container ID

// [AaA]: 就是類似 nohup 的概念, 在背景執行.

$ docker run -d -ti ubuntu bash

$ docker ps

// 從 detach 恢復到 attach mode

$ docker attach lucid_rosalind

// [AaA]:密技 亦可以在 terminal 按 Ctrl+p Ctrl+q 達到 detach 的境界

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5. Docker exec

// docker exec: Run a command in a running container; 通常用於 debug & DBA administration

// Usage:  docker exec [OPTIONS] CONTAINER COMMAND [ARG...]

$ docker exec -ti lucid_rosalind bash

// or 

$ docker exec -ti lucid_rosalind cat test.txt

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6. Docker logs

// docker logs: Fetch the logs of a container

// Usage:  docker logs [OPTIONS] CONTAINER

// 範例把 cat 打錯成 catt

$ docker run --name example -d ubuntu bash -c "catt /etc/passwd"

$ docker logs example

bash: line 1: catt: command not found

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7. Stopping and Removing Containers

$ docker run -ti ubuntu bash

// docker kill: Kill one or more running containers

// Usage:  docker kill [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]

$ docker ps

$ docker kill cranky_lamarr

// docker rm: Remove one or more containers (對正在 running 的 container 無效, 必須先 kill 再 rm)

// Usage:  docker rm [OPTIONS] CONTAINER [CONTAINER...]

$ docker rm cranky_lamarr

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// 移除 images 的指令:

// docker rmi: Remove one or more images

// Usage:  docker rmi [OPTIONS] IMAGE [IMAGE...]

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8. Exposing ports: docker port

// docker run -p outside-port:inside-port/protocol (tcp/udp)

// docker port: List port mappings or a specific mapping for the container

// Usage:  docker port CONTAINER [PRIVATE_PORT[/PROTO]]

$ docker run --rm -ti -p 12345:12345 -p 12346:12346 --name echo-server ubuntu:14.04 bash

$ docker port echo-server

12345/tcp -> 0.0.0.0:12345

12346/tcp -> 0.0.0.0:12346

在第一視窗 listen port 12345 & 12346

# nc -lp 12345 | nc -lp 12346

在第二視窗

$ docker run --rm -ti ubuntu:14.04 bash

# nc host.docker.internal 12345

在第三視窗

$ docker run --rm -ti ubuntu:14.04 bash

# nc host.docker.internal 12346

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// [AaA]: 若前面不指定 outside-port, 則會隨機作 port mapping dynamically

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// UDP example

$ docker run --rm -ti -p 23456:23456/udp --name echo-server ubuntu:14.04 bash

在第一視窗

# nc -ulp 23456

在第二視窗

$ docker ps

$ docker port echo-server

$ docker run --rm -ti ubuntu:14.04 bash

# nc -u host.docker.internal 23456

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9. 無招勝有招 docker --help

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